Herman Melville (1819-1891)

Quotation

We cannot live only for ourselves. A thousand fibers connect us with our fellow men.

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Research

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Biographical

American author, was born in New York City on the 1st of August 1819. He shipped as a cabin-boy at the age of eighteen, thus being enabled to make his first visit to England, and at twenty-two sailed for a whaling cruise in the Pacific. After a year and a half he deserted his ship at the Marquesas Islands, on account of the cruelty of the captain; he was captured by cannibals on the island of Nukahiva, and detained, without hardship for four months; was rescued by the crew of an Australian vessel, which he joined, and two years later reached New York. Thereafter, with the exception of a passenger voyage around the world in I860, Melville remained in the United States, devoting himself to literature - though for a considerable period (1866-I885) he held a post in the New York custom-house - and being perhaps Hawthorne's most intimate friend among the literary men of America. His writings are numerous, and of varying merit; his verse, patriotic and other, is forgotten; and his works of fiction and of travel are of irregular execution. Nevertheless, few authors have been enabled so freely to introduce romantic personal experiences into their books: in his first work, Typee: A Peep at Polynesian Life, or Four Months Residence in a Valley of the Marquesas (1846), he described his escape from the cannibals; while in Omoo, a Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas (1847), White Jacket, or The World in a Man-of-War (1850), and especially Moby Dick, or The Whale (1851), he portrayed seafaring life and character with vigour and originality, and from a personal knowledge equal to that of Cooper, Marryat or Clark Russell. In spite of being poorly received when first published, Melville's Moby Dick is one of the canonical novels in the English language; that novel's Captain Ahab is a Quaker sea captain obsessed with killing the mighty whale who has cost him one of his legs. But these records of adventure were followed by other tales so turgid, eccentric, opinionative, and loosely written as to seem the work of another author. Melville was the product of a period in American literature when the fiction written by writers below Irving, Poe and Hawthorne was measured by humble artistic standards. He died in New York on the 28th of September 1891. [This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License and uses material adapted in whole or in part from the Wikipedia article on Herman Melville. and Encyclopedia Britannica (1911)]

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